Vulneración a la integridad física de personas mayores: prevalencia del maltrato y factores asociados / Violation of the Physical Integrity of the Elderly: Prevalence of Abuse and Related Factors

Resumen El envejecimiento poblacional que experimenta actualmente América Latina trae consigo retos para la sociedad, como la prevención de la vulneración a los derechos humanos y libertades de las personas mayores y la eliminación de todas las formas de maltrato. La prevalencia de maltrato físico a personas mayores fue de 4,1%. Se presentó principalmente en mujeres, personas sin pareja y con ingreso económico. Además, fue más prevalente en personas mayores con riesgo de depresión, ante cedentes de pensamientos suicidas, insatisfacción con la salud y que convivían con familias disfuncionales. Los hallazgos de esta investigación muestran como las re laciones familiares pueden ser un factor clave a la hora de abordar la problemática del maltrato; además, las graves repercusiones que generan estos hechos sobre la víctima, como afectaciones no solo a la salud física sino también mental.

Abstract The ageing population currently experienced by Latin America brings with it cha llenges for society, such as the prevention of human rights violation and freedoms of the elderly, and the elimination of all forms of abuse. The prevalence of physical abuse for the elderly was 4.1%. It was mainly presented in women, people without a partner, and with financial income. In addition, it was more prevalent in older people at risk of depression, a history of suicidal thoughts, dissatisfaction with health, and living with dysfunctional families. The findings of this research show how family re lationships can be a key factor in addressing the problem of abuse. In addition, the serious impact of these facts on the victim, such as affectations not only to physical health, but also to mental health.

Relación entre dinámicas familiares, conductas externalizantes y autoestima en niños escolarizados / Relation between family dynamics, externalizing behaviors and self-esteem in school children

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio es identificar la relación entre las dinámicas familiares, las conductas externalizantes y la autoestima en 158 diadas de padres cuyos hijos tienen entre 8 y 12 años de edad, pertenecientes a dos colegios, uno público y uno privado, de la ciudad de Bogotá. El tipo de estudio es de carácter descriptivo-correlacional, cuantitativo y de diseño transversal. Se utilizó como medición el Cuestionario de Evaluación de Estilos Educativos de Padres (CEEP), la Lista de Chequeo de la Conducta Infantil (CBCL), formato de padres y la Escala de Autoconcepto de Piers-Harris. Se encontró que en el grupo de participantes del colegio público se presenta una correlación negativa entre el ocio compartido y la conducta externalizante, así como entre la conducta externalizante y la autoestima. Finalmente, se encontró que tanto en los participantes del colegio público como privado se presenta una correlación positiva entre los conflictos familiares y la conducta externalizante.

Abstract The objective of this study is to identify the relation between family dynamics, externalizing behaviors and self-esteem in 158 dyads of parents whose children are between 8 and 12 years old, and who belong to a public and other private school in the Bogota city. In order to get this objective, the type of study is descriptive-correlational, quantitative and design cross-sectional. The Parent Educational Styles Assessment Questionnaire (CEEP), the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL), the parent format, and the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale were used as a measure. It found that in the group of participants of the public school there is a negative correlation between shared leisure and externalizing behavior. and between externalizing behavior and self-esteem. Finally, it found that both in public and private school participants, there is a positive correlation between familiar conflicts and externalizing behavior.

Vínculos familiares: dinámica relacional influyente en la personalidad del niño / Family links: influential relational dynamics in the child's personality

El presente texto de reflexión se ha originado a partir de las voces de autores que han hecho una reflexión académica relacionada con los vínculos, la dinámica y la personalidad del niño, y que dan cuenta del papel que juega la familia en la construcción identitaria del mismo, permitiéndole al lector reinventar su manera de leer el contexto de la diada vínculo familiar-personalidad, en el que se entiende al niño, como un ser en pleno desarrollo e influenciable por el otro u otros, y capaz de resignificar su entorno mediante la interacción social, donde aparece el proceso comunicativo como un elemento determinante en las dinámicas que atraviesa la psique y pone en juego la construcción de la personalidad.

The present text of reflection has originated from the voices of authors who have made an academic reflection related to the bonds, the dynamics and the personality of the child, and who give an account of the role played by the family in the construction of identity , allowing the reader to reinvent his way of reading the context of the diada family-personality link, in which the child is understood, as a being in full development and influenced by the other or others, 7 and capable of resignifying their environment through social interaction, where the communicative process appears as a determining element in the dynamics that the psyche goes through and puts into play the construction of the personality.

A dinâmica familiar sob a ótica do profissional da Estratégia Saúde da Família / Family dynamics under the view of the Family Health Strategy professional

A efetivação da Atenção Básica exige a superação das práticas exclusivamente voltadas para a doença e para o cuidado individual, com vistas ao incremento de ações interdisciplinares e integrais destinadas ao cuidado familiar e coletivo. Este estudo objetivou investigar o grau de atenção que, em suas práticas, os profissionais de uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, dedicam às dinâmicas relacionais das famílias. A realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de imersões nos seus ambientes de trabalho permitiu a coleta de informações, que foram tratadas por meio da técnica de análise do discurso. Os resultados apontam para uma compreensão limitada desses profissionais no tocante às dinâmicas familiares.

The effectiveness of primary care requires a replacement of practices exclusively focused on disease and individual care by interdisciplinary and comprehensive activities aiming at the family and collective care. This study intended to investigate the degree of concern shown, in their practices, by a professional staff of the Family Health Program in the city of Rio de Janeiro as to the relational dynamics of families. The use of semi-structured interviews and immersion in their work environments allowed the collection of information, which were treated with the technique of discourse analysis. The results indicate a limited understanding of these professionals as regards family dynamics.